NEET-PG 2012 - Anatomy Practice Questions

Q: Which nerve is primarily involved in cubital tunnel syndrome?

Ulnar nerve. Ulnar nerve - **Cubital tunnel syndrome** is a condition caused by compression of the **ulnar nerve** as it passes through the cubital tunnel at the medial epicondyle of the elbow. - Symptoms typically include numbness and tingling in the **little finger** and **half of the ring finger**, along with weakness of intrinsic hand muscles [2]. *Radial nerve* - The **radial nerve** is primarily involved in conditions like **radial tunnel syndrome** or radial nerve palsy (**wrist drop**), affecting primarily extensor muscles of the forearm and hand. - Its compression site is typically in the **radial tunnel** near the elbow, distinct from the cubital tunnel. *Median nerve* - The **median nerve** is involved in **carpal tunnel syndrome** at the wrist, causing numbness and tingling in the thumb, index, middle, and radial half of the ring finger [2]. - Compression around the elbow (e.g., pronator teres syndrome) can also affect the median nerve, but this is less common than cubital tunnel syndrome [1]. *Axillary nerve* - The **axillary nerve** is responsible for sensation over the deltoid region and motor function of the deltoid and teres minor muscles. - It is often injured with **shoulder dislocations** or fractures of the surgical neck of the humerus, unrelated to cubital tunnel syndrome.

Q: Which of the following statements about the popliteus muscle is false?

Causes locking of knee. ***Causes locking of knee*** - The popliteus muscle acts as the key to **unlocking the knee** from its fully extended, locked position, not causing it to lock. [1] - It achieves this by producing **internal rotation of the tibia** on the femur (or external rotation of the femur on the tibia) at the beginning of knee flexion. *Flexor of knee* - The popliteus muscle contributes to **flexion of the knee joint**, working in conjunction with the hamstrings. - This action is particularly important during the initial phases of knee flexion. *Intracapsular origin* - The popliteus muscle originates from the **lateral condyle of the femur**, specifically from an impression just anterior and inferior to the groove for the popliteal tendon. - This origin point is indeed **intracapsular**, lying within the fibrous capsule of the knee joint. *Supplied by tibial nerve* - The popliteus muscle receives its innervation from the **tibial nerve**, a branch of the sciatic nerve. - The nerve typically arises from the posterior aspect of the tibial nerve trunk as it passes through the popliteal fossa.

Q: The tensor veli palatini muscle is innervated by which nerve?

Mandibular nerve. ***Mandibular nerve*** - The **tensor veli palatini** muscle plays a crucial role in tensing the **soft palate** and opening the **Eustachian tube**. - Its innervation is by a branch of the **mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (V3)**, specifically the nerve to the medial pterygoid. *Facial nerve* - The **facial nerve (cranial nerve VII)** primarily innervates the muscles of **facial expression**, not the muscles of the soft palate. - It also supplies the **lacrimal, submandibular, and sublingual glands** and carries **taste sensation** from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue. *Vagus nerve* - The **vagus nerve (cranial nerve X)** innervates most muscles of the **pharynx and larynx**, and some muscles of the soft palate such as the **levator veli palatini**, **palatopharyngeus**, and **palatoglossus**. - It does not, however, innervate the **tensor veli palatini**. *Glossopharyngeal nerve* - The **glossopharyngeal nerve (cranial nerve IX)** innervates the **stylopharyngeus muscle** and provides sensation to the posterior one-third of the tongue. - While it has functions related to the pharynx, it does not directly innervate the **tensor veli palatini**.

Q: In a 3 month fetus, characteristic feature seen is:

Nails are visible. ***Nails are visible*** - By the end of the **third month** (approximately 12 weeks), the fingers and toes are fully formed, and the beginnings of fingernails and toenails usually become visible. - This marks a significant developmental milestone in fetal maturation during the first trimester. *Meconium is present in the intestines* - **Meconium** begins to form during the **second trimester**, typically around weeks 12-16, with significant accumulation in the latter part of the second and throughout the third trimester. - While some gut movements occur earlier, the presence of well-formed meconium for defecation happens later in fetal development. *Anus formation begins* - The formation of the anus is part of the development of the **cloaca**, which begins much earlier, around the **4th to 7th gestational weeks**. - By 3 months, the anorectal canal is already well-differentiated, so its formation has already been completed. *Limb buds are present* - **Limb buds** appear very early in embryonic development, around the **end of the 4th week**. [1] - By 3 months, the limbs are already well-developed with distinct fingers and toes, so these structures would have passed the "bud" stage.

Question 1

Which nerve is primarily involved in cubital tunnel syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Ulnar nerve

Answer

Radial nerve

Answer

Median nerve

Answer

Axillary nerve

Question 2

Which of the following statements about the popliteus muscle is false?

Accepted Answer

Causes locking of knee

Answer

Intracapsular origin

Answer

Supplied by tibial nerve

Answer

Flexor of knee

Question 3

The tensor veli palatini muscle is innervated by which nerve?

Accepted Answer

Mandibular nerve

Answer

Facial nerve

Answer

Vagus nerve

Answer

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 4

In a 3 month fetus, characteristic feature seen is:

Accepted Answer

Nails are visible

Answer

Meconium is present in the intestines.

Answer

Anus formation begins.

Answer

Limb buds are present.

NEET-PG 2012 — Anatomy