miRNA and RNA Interference Practice Questions

Question 1

Which discovery in gene regulation was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2006?

Accepted Answer

Discovery of RNA interference (RNAi)

Answer

Role of mitochondrial DNA in cellular functions

Answer

Involvement of lipoxins in inflammation

Answer

Function of transcription factors in gene regulation

Question 2

During eukaryotic protein synthesis, phosphorylation of which of the following is enhanced by insulin?

Accepted Answer

eIF4E

Answer

eIF2

Answer

eIF4A

Answer

eIF4G

Question 3

Which of the following statements best describes the mechanism of action of insulin on target cells?

Accepted Answer

Insulin binds to a transmembrane receptor on the outer surface of the plasma membrane, activating the tyrosine kinase in the cytosolic domain of the receptor.

Answer

Insulin binds to a receptor on the outer surface of the plasma membrane, activating adenylate cyclase through the Gs protein.

Answer

Insulin binds to a cytoplasmic receptor and is transferred as a hormone receptor complex to the nucleus to modulate gene expression.

Answer

Insulin enters the cell and causes the release of calcium ions from intracellular stores.

Question 4

Which of the following statements about gene therapy is false?

Accepted Answer

Gene therapy is only used for genetic disorders.

Answer

Gene also considered as drug

Answer

Gene therapy can be used to treat some cancers.

Answer

Has been tried in cystic fibrosis

Question 5

What is the gene fusion associated with Ewing's sarcoma?

Accepted Answer

EWS-FLI1

Answer

FUS-CHOP

Answer

EWS-ATF1

Answer

PAX3-FOXO1

Question 6

Which of the following is a primarily RNA based technique?

Accepted Answer

RT-PCR

Answer

Next generation sequencing

Answer

Sanger's technique

Answer

Western blotting

Question 7

What is the primary function of the sigma subunit of prokaryotic RNA polymerase?

Accepted Answer

Specifically recognizes the promoter site

Answer

Is inhibited by α-amanitin

Answer

Is part of the core enzyme

Answer

Inhibits the activity of RNA polymerase

Question 8

Which type of RNA is primarily involved in gene silencing?

Accepted Answer

miRNA

Answer

rRNA

Answer

tRNA

Answer

mRNA

Question 9

In DNA replication, which enzyme synthesizes RNA primers?

Accepted Answer

Primase

Answer

Topoisomerase

Answer

DNA polymerase II

Answer

DNA polymerase III

Question 10

Which molecular biotechnology is depicted in the image shown below:

Accepted Answer

CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing system

Answer

Microarray analysis

Answer

In situ hybridization

Answer

DNA sequencing

miRNA and RNA Interference — MCQs

miRNA and RNA Interference — MCQs

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