Amino acid metabolism and disorders — Flashcards

Flashcard 31: Western Blotting is used for the detection of:

Answer: Protein identification/detection

Extra: Western blotting is used to detect specific proteins in a sample using labeled antibodies. \n\nRelated blotting techniques:\n- Southern: DNA\n- Northern: RNA\n- Western: Protein (mnemonic: SNoW DRoP)

Flashcard 32: What occurs during the glycosylation step of collagen synthesis?

Answer: glycosylation of hydroxylysine residues and formation of procollagen triple helix

Flashcard 33: What occurs during the proteolytic processing step of collagen synthesis?

Answer: cleavage of procollagen ends, transforming it into insoluble tropocollagen

Flashcard 34: What occurs during the cross-linking step of collagen synthesis?

Answer: covalent cross-linking of tropocollagen lysine and hydroxylysine residues to form collagen fibrils

Flashcard 35: What enzyme and cofactor are necessary for tropocollagen cross-linking?

Answer: lysyl oxidase and Cu2+

Flashcard 36: Elastin is rich in which amino acids?

Answer: proline, glycine

Flashcard 37: What is the relationship between elastin, elastase, and α-1 antitrypsin?

Answer: elastin - structural protein elastase - protease that degrades elastin α-1 antitrypsin - protease inhibitor that blocks action of elastase

Flashcard 38: The Golgi makes modifications to some amino acids trafficking through it. What are three such amino acids?

Answer: asparagine, serine, threonine

Flashcard 39: zymogen

Answer: inactive protein which can be cleaved to generate active form

Flashcard 40: Are aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases specific to the amino acid or the tRNA?

Answer: the amino acid