General Surgery — Flashcards

Flashcard 91: There is a _____ chance of siblings and children of BRCA1 carriers to also have the gene mutation.

Answer: 50%

Extra: BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations follow an **autosomal dominant** inheritance pattern. Therefore, first-degree relatives (parents, siblings, and children) of a carrier have a 50% (1 in 2) chance of inheriting the mutation.

Flashcard 92: Untreated nasal septal haematomas can result in _____ due to irreversible septal necrosis

Answer: ‘saddle-nose’ deformity

Flashcard 93: Managment of simple breast cysts is _____

Answer: reassurance and discharge with safety-netting advice

Flashcard 94: Pseudomal Folliculitis due to Hot tub folliculitis is usually _____ in immunocompetent individuals, resolving within 7-14 days

Answer: self-limiting

Flashcard 95: Paget's disease of the nipple presents as an _____ which is associated with underlying malignancy

Answer: eczematous lesion

Flashcard 96: Women with cyclical mastalgia should be advised to wear a _____

Answer: supportive bra

Flashcard 97: On an audiogram ‘Mixed Hearing Loss’ both air conduction and bone conduction are impaired with _____ on examination

Answer: air conduction being worse than bone conduction

Flashcard 98: {{c1:Nasal Polyps}} are uncommon in children and their presence should raise suspicion for _____

Answer: cystic fibrosis

Flashcard 99: Fat necrosis of the breast may follow _____

Answer: trivial or unnoticed trauma

Flashcard 100: molluscum contagiosum is _____ so sensible to avoid sharing towels, clothing and baths with uninfected people

Answer: contagious