Neurology — Flashcards

Flashcard 311: What is the orientation of an image when it hits the primary visual cortex? _____

Answer: Upside down with left-right reversed

Flashcard 312: What visual field defect results from a lesion of the temporal lobe (e.g. MCA infarct)? _____

Answer: Contralateral homonymous superior quadrantanopia

Flashcard 313: Spot diagnosis = _____

Answer: asterixis

Flashcard 314: The first neurological symptoms in vitamin B12 deficiency will be _____ in the lower limbs

Answer: peripheral neuropathy

Flashcard 315: What clinical condition of the spinal cord is caused by Vitamin B12 deficiency?

Answer: Subacute Combined Degeneration (SCD)

Extra: Vitamin B12 deficiency leads to demyelination of the **Dorsal Columns** (loss of proprioception/vibration) and **Lateral Corticospinal Tracts** (spastic paresis).

Flashcard 316: Vitamin B12 deficiency initially presents as lower extremity _____ with no other neurologic findings

Answer: paresthesias

Flashcard 317: Peripheral neuropathy and subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord in vitamin B12 deficiency presents _____

Answer: symmetrically

Extra: Subacute Combined Degeneration (SCD) involves the dorsal columns (loss of vibration/proprioception) and lateral corticospinal tracts (spastic paresis). Because it is a systemic metabolic deficiency, the presentation is characteristically symmetrical.

Flashcard 318: Subacute combined degeneration (B12 deficiency) of the spinal cord affects the _____, spinocerebellar tracts, & lateral corticospinal tracts

Answer: dorsal columns

Flashcard 319: Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause neuropsychiatric disease such as _____ dementia

Answer: reversible

Flashcard 320: _____ is a spinal cord lesion most commonly seen with vitamin B12 deficiency

Answer: Subacute combined degeneration